The difference of temperature in a material can convert heat energy into electrical energy. To harvest the heat energy, the material should have

<p>To convert a temperature difference into electrical energy effectively, the material in question should have low thermal conductivity and high electrical conductivity. Such materials are classified as thermoelectric materials.</p> <p>A low thermal conductivity ensures that the material does not easily transfer heat, which is crucial for maintaining a significant temperature difference between its hot and cold sides. This helps in generating a greater voltage. Meanwhile, high electrical conductivity is essential for facilitating the efficient movement of electrons across the material when there is a temperature difference, leading to maximal energy conversion.</p> <p>Therefore, a material that optimally harvests heat energy into electrical energy should embody these characteristics.</p>