If $2 \tan ^2 \theta-5 \sec \theta=1$ has exactly 7 solutions in the interval $\left[0, \frac{n \pi}{2}\right]$, for the least value of $n \in \mathbf{N}$, then $\sum_\limits{k=1}^n \frac{k}{2^k}$ is equal to:
Solution
<p>$$\begin{aligned}
& 2 \tan ^2 \theta-5 \sec \theta-1=0 \\
& \Rightarrow 2 \sec ^2 \theta-5 \sec \theta-3=0 \\
& \Rightarrow(2 \sec \theta+1)(\sec \theta-3)=0 \\
& \Rightarrow \sec \theta=-\frac{1}{2}, 3 \\
& \Rightarrow \cos \theta=-2, \frac{1}{3} \\
& \Rightarrow \cos \theta=\frac{1}{3}
\end{aligned}$$</p>
<p>For 7 solutions $\mathrm{n}=13$</p>
<p>$$\begin{aligned}
& \text { So, } \sum_{\mathrm{k}=1}^{13} \frac{\mathrm{k}}{2^{\mathrm{k}}}=\mathrm{S} \text { (say) } \\
& \mathrm{S}=\frac{1}{2}+\frac{2}{2^2}+\frac{3}{2^3}+\ldots .+\frac{13}{2^{13}} \\
& \frac{1}{2} \mathrm{~S}=\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{2^3}+\ldots .+\frac{12}{2^{13}}+\frac{13}{2^{14}} \\
& \Rightarrow \frac{\mathrm{S}}{2}=\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1-\frac{1}{2^{13}}}{1-\frac{1}{2}}-\frac{13}{2^{14}} \Rightarrow \mathrm{S}=2 \cdot\left(\frac{2^{13}-1}{2^{13}}\right)-\frac{13}{2^{13}}
\end{aligned}$$</p>
About this question
Subject: Mathematics · Chapter: Trigonometric Functions · Topic: Trigonometric Ratios and Identities
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