Let $$S=109+\frac{108}{5}+\frac{107}{5^{2}}+\ldots .+\frac{2}{5^{107}}+\frac{1}{5^{108}}$$. Then the value of $\left(16 S-(25)^{-54}\right)$ is equal to ___________.
Answer (integer)
2175
Solution
We have, $S=109+\frac{108}{5}+\frac{107}{5^2}+\ldots+\frac{2}{5^{107}}+\frac{1}{5^{108}}$ ...........(i) <br/><br/>$\frac{S}{5}=\frac{109}{5}+\frac{108}{5^2}+\frac{107}{5^3}+\ldots .+\frac{2}{5^{108}}+\frac{1}{5^{109}}$ .............(ii)
<br/><br/>On subtracting Eq. (ii) from Eq. (i), we get
<br/><br/>$$
\begin{aligned}
\frac{4 S}{5} & =109-\frac{1}{5}-\frac{1}{5^2}-\ldots .-\frac{1}{5^{108}}-\frac{1}{5^{109}} \\\\
\frac{4 S}{5} & =109-\left[\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{5^2}+\ldots+\frac{1}{5^{108}}+\frac{1}{5^{109}}\right]
\end{aligned}
$$
<br/><br/>This form a GP with $r=\frac{1}{5}$
<br/><br/>$$
\begin{aligned}
\frac{4 S}{5} & =109-\frac{1}{5}\left[\frac{1-\frac{1}{5^{109}}}{1-\frac{1}{5}}\right]\\\\
&=109-\frac{1}{4}\left[1-\frac{1}{5^{109}}\right] \\\\
& =109-\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{4} \times \frac{1}{5^{109}}
\end{aligned}
$$
<br/><br/>$\therefore$ $4 S=\frac{5}{4}\left[435+\frac{1}{5^{109}}\right]$
<br/><br/>$\Rightarrow 16 S=2175+\frac{1}{5^{108}}$
<br/><br/>$16 S-(25)^{-54}=2175$
About this question
Subject: Mathematics · Chapter: Sequences and Series · Topic: Arithmetic Progression
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