If $$f(t)=\int_\limits0^\pi \frac{2 x \mathrm{~d} x}{1-\cos ^2 \mathrm{t} \sin ^2 x}, 0<\mathrm{t}<\pi$$, then the value of $\int_\limits0^{\frac{\pi}{2}} \frac{\pi^2 \mathrm{dt}}{f(\mathrm{t})}$ equals __________.
Answer (integer)
1
Solution
<p>$$\begin{aligned}
& f(t)=\int_\limits0^\pi \frac{2 x d x}{1-\cos ^2 t \sin ^2 x} \\
& x \rightarrow \pi-x
\end{aligned}$$</p>
<p>$$\begin{aligned}
& f(t)=\int_\limits0^\pi \frac{2(\pi-x) d x}{1-\cos ^2 t \sin ^2 x}=2 \pi \int_\limits0^\pi \frac{d x}{1-\cos ^2 t \sin ^2 x}-f(t) \\
& \Rightarrow f(t)=\pi \int_\limits0^\pi \frac{d x}{1-\cos ^2 t \sin ^2 x} \\
& =2 \pi \int_\limits0^{\frac{\pi}{2}} \frac{d x}{1-\cos ^2 t \sin ^2 x} \\
& f(t)=2 \pi \int_\limits0^{\frac{\pi}{2}} \frac{\sec ^2 x d x}{\sec ^2 x-\cos ^2 t \tan ^2 x} \\
& I_1=\int \frac{\sec ^2 x d x}{\sec ^2 x-\cos ^2 t \tan ^2 x} \\
& \text { Put } \cos t \tan x=\lambda \Rightarrow \cos t \sec ^2 x d x=d \lambda \\
& I_1=\int \frac{d \lambda}{\cos t \cdot\left(1+\lambda^2 \sec ^2 t-\lambda^2\right)}=\int \frac{d \lambda}{\cos t\left(1+\lambda^2 \tan ^2 t\right)} \\
\end{aligned}$$</p>
<p>$$\begin{aligned}
=\frac{1}{\cos t \cdot \tan ^2 t} \cdot \int \frac{d \lambda}{\lambda^2+\cos ^2 t}= & \frac{1}{\cos t \tan ^2 t} \\
& \times \frac{1}{\cos t} \tan ^{-1}(\lambda \tan t)
\end{aligned}$$</p>
<p>$$\begin{aligned}
& =\frac{1}{\sin t} \tan ^{-1}(\sin t \tan x) \\
\Rightarrow & \left.f(t)=\frac{2 \pi}{\sin t} \tan ^{-1}(\sin t \tan x)\right]_0^{\frac{\pi}{2}}=\frac{\pi^2}{\sin t} \\
\Rightarrow & \int_\limits0^{\frac{\pi}{2}} \frac{\pi^2 d t}{f(t)}=\int_\limits0^{\frac{\pi}{2}} \sin t d t=1
\end{aligned}$$</p>
About this question
Subject: Mathematics · Chapter: Definite Integration · Topic: Properties of Definite Integrals
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