A pair of dice is thrown 5 times. For each throw, a total of 5 is considered a success. If the probability of at least 4 successes is $\frac{k}{3^{11}}$, then $k$ is equal to :
Solution
Given, a pair of dice is thrown once, then number of outcomes $=6 \times 6=36$
<br/><br/>A total of 5 are $\{(1,4),(2,3),(4,1),(3,2)\}$
<br/><br/>$$
\begin{aligned}
& \therefore p =p(\text { success })=\frac{4}{36}=\frac{1}{9} \\\\
& q =1-\frac{1}{9}=\frac{8}{9}
\end{aligned}
$$
<br/><br/>Let $X$ represent the number of success
<br/><br/>$$
\begin{aligned}
& \therefore P(\text { at least } 4 \text { success }) \\\\
&=P(X=4)+P(X=5) \\\\
&={ }^5 C_4 p^4 q+{ }^5 C_5 p^5 q^{5-5} \\\\
&=5\left(\frac{1}{9}\right)^4\left(\frac{8}{9}\right)+\left(\frac{1}{9}\right)^5 \\\\
&=\frac{40+1}{\left(3^2\right)^5}=\frac{41}{310} \\\\
&=\frac{41 \times 3}{3^{11}}=\frac{123}{3^{11}} \\\\
& \therefore k=123
\end{aligned}
$$
About this question
Subject: Mathematics · Chapter: Probability · Topic: Classical and Axiomatic Probability
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