If the system of equations $x+4 y-z=\lambda, 7 x+9 y+\mu z=-3,5 x+y+2 z=-1$ has infinitely many solutions, then $(2 \mu+3 \lambda)$ is equal to :
Solution
<p>$$\begin{aligned}
& x+4 y-z=\lambda \\
& 7 x+9 y+\mu z=-3 \\
& 5 x+y+2 z=-1 \\
& {\left[\begin{array}{ccc}
1 & 4 & -1 \\
7 & 9 & \mu \\
5 & 1 & 2
\end{array}\right]\left[\begin{array}{l}
x \\
y \\
z
\end{array}\right]=\left[\begin{array}{c}
\lambda \\
-3 \\
-1
\end{array}\right]} \\
& A=\left[\begin{array}{lll}
1 & 4 & -1 \\
7 & 9 & \mu \\
5 & 1 & 2
\end{array}\right], B=\left[\begin{array}{c}
\lambda \\
-3 \\
-1
\end{array}\right] \\
& A X=B \\
& X=A^{-1} B \\
& \quad=\frac{\operatorname{adj} A}{|A|} B
\end{aligned}$$</p>
<p>If $|A|=0$ and $(\operatorname{adj} A) \cdot B=0$, system has infinitely many solutions.</p>
<p>$$\begin{aligned}
& |A|=18-\mu-4(14-5 \mu)-1(7-45)=0 \\
& \Rightarrow 18-\mu-56+20 \mu+38=0 \\
& \Rightarrow 19 \mu=0 \\
& \Rightarrow \mu=0 \\
& \text { Also adjA }=\left[\begin{array}{ccc}
18 & -9 & 9 \\
-14 & 7 & -7 \\
-38 & 19 & -19
\end{array}\right] \\
& (\text { adj } A) \cdot B=0 \\
& {\left[\begin{array}{ccc}
18 & -9 & 9 \\
-14 & 7 & -7 \\
-38 & 19 & -19
\end{array}\right]\left[\begin{array}{c}
\lambda \\
-3 \\
-1
\end{array}\right]=\left[\begin{array}{l}
0 \\
0 \\
0
\end{array}\right]} \\
& 18 \lambda+27-9=0 \\
& \Rightarrow 18 \lambda=-18 \\
& \Rightarrow \lambda=-1 \\
& \Rightarrow 2 \mu+3 \lambda=3(-1)=-3
\end{aligned}$$</p>
About this question
Subject: Mathematics · Chapter: Matrices and Determinants · Topic: Types of Matrices and Operations
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