For the system of equations
$x+y+z=6$
$x+2 y+\alpha z=10$
$x+3 y+5 z=\beta$, which one of the following is NOT true?
Solution
Given system of equations,
<br/><br/>$$
\begin{aligned}
x+y+z & =6 ........(i)\\\\
x+2 y+\alpha z & =10 ........(ii)\\\\
x+3 y+5 z & =\beta ........(iii)
\end{aligned}
$$
<br/><br/>Here,
<br/><br/>$$
\begin{aligned}
\Delta & =\left|\begin{array}{lll}
1 & 1 & 1 \\
1 & 2 & \alpha \\
1 & 3 & 5
\end{array}\right| \\\\
& =1(10-3 \alpha)-1(5-\alpha)+1(3-2) \\\\
& =10-3 \alpha-5+\alpha+1 \\\\
& =6-2 \alpha
\end{aligned}
$$
<br/><br/>For unique solution, $\Delta \neq 0$
<br/><br/>$\Rightarrow 6-2 \alpha \neq 0 \Rightarrow \alpha \neq 3$
<br/><br/>When, $\alpha=3$
<br/><br/>$$
\begin{aligned}
\Delta_1 & =\left|\begin{array}{ccc}
6 & 1 & 1 \\
10 & 2 & 3 \\
\beta & 3 & 5
\end{array}\right| \\\\
& =\left|\begin{array}{ccc}
0 & 1 & 0 \\
-2 & 2 & 1 \\
\beta-18 & 3 & 2
\end{array}\right|=-1(-4-\beta+18) \\\\
& =\beta-14
\end{aligned}
$$
<br/><br/>and
<br/><br/>$\begin{aligned} \Delta_2 & =\left|\begin{array}{ccc}1 & 6 & 1 \\ 1 & 10 & 3 \\ 1 & \beta & 5\end{array}\right| \\\\ & =1(50-3 \beta)-6(5-3)+1(\beta-10) \\\\ & =50-3 \beta-12+\beta-10 \\\\ & =28-2 \beta=2(14-\beta)\end{aligned}$
<br/><br/>
and
<br/><br/>$$
\begin{aligned}
\Delta_3 & =\left|\begin{array}{ccc}
1 & 1 & 6 \\
1 & 2 & 10 \\
1 & 3 & \beta
\end{array}\right| \\
& =1(2 \beta-30)-1(\beta-10)+6(3-2) \\\\
& =2 \beta-30-\beta+10+6 \\\\
& =\beta-14
\end{aligned}
$$
<br/><br/>Thus, at $\beta=14, \Delta_1=\Delta_2=\Delta_3=0$
<br/><br/>$\Rightarrow \alpha=3, \beta=14$
<br/><br/>So, system has infinite solutions.
About this question
Subject: Mathematics · Chapter: Matrices and Determinants · Topic: Types of Matrices and Operations
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