If the solution curve of the differential equation $\left(y-2 \log _{e} x\right) d x+\left(x \log _{e} x^{2}\right) d y=0, x > 1$ passes through the points $\left(e, \frac{4}{3}\right)$ and $\left(e^{4}, \alpha\right)$, then $\alpha$ is equal to ____________.
Answer (integer)
3
Solution
The given differential equation is,
<br/><br/>$$
\begin{aligned}
& (y-2 \log x) d x+\left(x \log x^2\right) d y=0 \\\\
& \Rightarrow \frac{d y}{d x}=\frac{(2 \log x-y)}{2 x \log x} \\\\
& \Rightarrow \frac{d y}{d x}+\frac{y}{2 x \log x}=\frac{1}{x}
\end{aligned}
$$
<br/><br/>It is a linear differential equation.
<br/><br/>$\therefore \text { I.F. }=e^{\int \frac{1}{2 x \log x} d x}$
<br/><br/>Put $\log x=t \Rightarrow \frac{1}{x} d x=d t$
<br/><br/>$$
\therefore \text { I.F. }=e^{\int \frac{1}{2 t} d t}=e^{\log (t)^{\frac{1}{2}}}=\sqrt{t}=\sqrt{\log x}
$$
<br/><br/>So, required solution is,
<br/><br/>$$
\begin{aligned}
& y \sqrt{\log x}=\int \frac{\sqrt{\log x}}{x} d x \\\\
& \log x=v \Rightarrow \frac{1}{x} d x=d v \\\\
& \Rightarrow y \sqrt{\log x}=\int \sqrt{v} d v+C \\\\
& \Rightarrow y \sqrt{\log x}=\frac{2 v^{3 / 2}}{3}+C \\\\
& \Rightarrow y \sqrt{\log x}=\frac{2}{3}(\log x)^{3 / 2}+C
\end{aligned}
$$
<br/><br/>Now, this curve passes through $\left(e, \frac{4}{3}\right)$ and $\left(e^4, \alpha\right)$
<br/><br/>$$
\begin{aligned}
& \therefore \frac{4}{3} \sqrt{\log e}=\frac{2}{3}(\log e)^{3 / 2}+C \\\\
& \Rightarrow C=\frac{4}{3}-\frac{2}{3}=\frac{2}{3}
\end{aligned}
$$
<br/><br/>Also, $\alpha \sqrt{\log e^4}=\frac{2}{3}\left(\log e^4\right)^{3 / 2}+\frac{2}{3}$
<br/><br/>$$
\begin{aligned}
& \Rightarrow 2 \alpha=\frac{2}{3} \times(4)^{3 / 2}+\frac{2}{3}=\frac{16}{3}+\frac{2}{3}=\frac{18}{3} \\\\
& \Rightarrow \alpha=3
\end{aligned}
$$
About this question
Subject: Mathematics · Chapter: Differential Equations · Topic: Order and Degree
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