Let $y=y(x)$ be the solution of the differential equation $(x+y+2)^2 d x=d y, y(0)=-2$. Let the maximum and minimum values of the function $y=y(x)$ in $\left[0, \frac{\pi}{3}\right]$ be $\alpha$ and $\beta$, respectively. If $(3 \alpha+\pi)^2+\beta^2=\gamma+\delta \sqrt{3}, \gamma, \delta \in \mathbb{Z}$, then $\gamma+\delta$ equals _________.
Answer (integer)
31
Solution
<p>$$\begin{aligned}
& \frac{d y}{d x}=(x+y+z)^2 \\
& \text { Put } x+y+z=t \\
& \Rightarrow 1+\frac{d y}{d x}=\frac{d t}{d x} \\
& \text { Given DE } \Rightarrow \frac{d t}{d x}-1=t^2 \\
& \Rightarrow \frac{d t}{1+t^2}=d x \Rightarrow \tan ^{-1} t=x+c \\
& \Rightarrow x+y+z=\tan (x+c) \\
& \Rightarrow y(x)=\tan (x+c)-x-2 \\
& \because y(0)=-2 \Rightarrow-2=\tan c-0-2 \\
& \qquad \Rightarrow c=0 \\
& \Rightarrow y(x)=\tan x-x-2 \\
& \frac{d y}{d x}=\sec ^2 x-1 \geq 0
\end{aligned}$$</p>
<p>$\Rightarrow y(x)$ is increasing if $x \in\left(0, \frac{\pi}{3}\right)$</p>
<p>$$\begin{aligned}
& \Rightarrow \alpha=y\left(\frac{\pi}{3}\right), \beta=y(0) \\
& \Rightarrow \alpha=-\frac{\pi}{3}-2+\sqrt{3} \text { and } \beta=-2
\end{aligned}$$</p>
<p>Now, $(3 \alpha+\pi)^2+\beta^2=(6+3 \sqrt{3})^2+(-2)^2$</p>
<p>$=67-36 \sqrt{3}=y+\delta \sqrt{3}$.</p>
<p>$\Rightarrow \gamma+\delta=31$</p>
About this question
Subject: Mathematics · Chapter: Differential Equations · Topic: Order and Degree
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