For the function
$$f(x)=\sin x+3 x-\frac{2}{\pi}\left(x^2+x\right), \text { where } x \in\left[0, \frac{\pi}{2}\right],$$
consider the following two statements :
(I) $f$ is increasing in $\left(0, \frac{\pi}{2}\right)$.
(II) $f^{\prime}$ is decreasing in $\left(0, \frac{\pi}{2}\right)$.
Between the above two statements,
Solution
<p>$$\begin{aligned}
& f(x)=\sin x+3 x-\frac{2}{\pi}\left(x^2+x\right), \text { where } x \in\left[0, \frac{\pi}{2}\right] \\
& f^{\prime}(x)=\cos x+3-\frac{2}{\pi}(2 x+1) \\
& =\cos x-\frac{4 x}{\pi}-\frac{2}{\pi}+3 \\
& \text { as } x \in\left[0, \frac{\pi}{2}\right] \\
& \frac{4 x}{\pi} \in[0,2]
\end{aligned}$$</p>
<p>$\Rightarrow 3-\frac{2}{\pi}-\frac{4 x}{\pi}>0$</p>
<p>and also $\cos x>0$ when $x \in\left[0, \frac{\pi}{2}\right]$</p>
<p>$\Rightarrow f^{\prime}(x)>0$</p>
<p>$\Rightarrow f(x)$ is increasing</p>
<p>Now, $$f^{\prime \prime}(x)=-\sin x-\frac{4}{\pi}<0 \forall x \in\left[0, \frac{\pi}{2}\right]$$</p>
<p>Hence, $f^{\prime}(x)$ is decreasing</p>
<p>$\therefore \quad$ Both statements (I) and (II) are true</p>
About this question
Subject: Mathematics · Chapter: Application of Derivatives · Topic: Tangents and Normals
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