If the maximum value of $a$, for which the function $f_{a}(x)=\tan ^{-1} 2 x-3 a x+7$ is non-decreasing in $\left(-\frac{\pi}{6}, \frac{\pi}{6}\right)$, is $\bar{a}$, then $f_{\bar{a}}\left(\frac{\pi}{8}\right)$ is equal to :
Solution
$\text {Given, }$
<br/><br/>$$
\begin{aligned}
f_a(x) & =\tan ^{-1} 2 x-3 a x+7 \\\\
f_a^{\prime}(x) & =\frac{2}{1+4 x^2}-3 a
\end{aligned}
$$
<br/><br/>As the function $f_a^{\prime}(x)$ is non-decreasing
<br/><br/>$$
\begin{aligned}
& \text { in }\left(-\frac{\pi}{6}, \frac{\pi}{6}\right), \\\\
& f_a^{\prime}(x) \geq 0
\end{aligned}
$$
<br/><br/>$$
\begin{aligned}
& \Rightarrow \frac{2}{1+4 x^2}-3 a \geq 0 \Rightarrow \frac{2}{1+4 x^2} \geq 3 a \\\\
& \Rightarrow a \leq \frac{2}{3\left(1+4 x^2\right)}, \text { when } x \in\left(-\frac{\pi}{6}, \frac{\pi}{6}\right) \\\\
& \because a \text { is maximum when } x^2=\frac{\pi^2}{36},
\end{aligned}
$$
<br/><br/>$$
\begin{aligned}
a_{\max } & =\frac{2}{3\left(1+\frac{4 \pi^2}{36}\right)}=\frac{2 \times 12}{36+4 \pi^2} \\\\
& =\frac{6}{9+\pi^2} \\\\
\therefore \bar{a} & =\frac{6}{9+\pi^2}
\end{aligned}
$$
<br/><br/>$$
\begin{aligned}
& \therefore f_a(x)=\tan ^{-1} 2 x-\frac{18}{9+\pi^2} x+7 \\\\
& f_\pi\left(\frac{\pi}{8}\right)=\tan ^{-1} 2\left(\frac{\pi}{8}\right)-\frac{18}{9+\pi^2} \times \frac{\pi}{8}+7 \\\\
& =\tan ^{-1} \frac{\pi}{4}-\frac{9 \pi}{36+4 \pi^2}+7 \\\\
& =8-\frac{9 \pi}{36+4 \pi^2}=8-\frac{9 \pi}{4\left(9+\pi^2\right)}
\end{aligned}
$$
About this question
Subject: Mathematics · Chapter: Application of Derivatives · Topic: Tangents and Normals
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