Which one of the following is not an example of calcination?
Solution
Calcination is the process of heating a solid material in the absence of air or with limited air to remove volatile components or to cause thermal decomposition. Among the given reactions:
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(A) $\mathrm{CaCO}_3 \cdot \mathrm{MgCO}_3 \stackrel{\Delta}{\longrightarrow} \mathrm{CaO}+\mathrm{MgO}+2 \mathrm{CO}_2$ is an example of calcination, where a mixture of calcium carbonate and magnesium carbonate is heated to produce calcium oxide, magnesium oxide, and carbon dioxide.
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(C) $\mathrm{CaCO}_3 \stackrel{\Delta}{\longrightarrow} \mathrm{CaO}+\mathrm{CO}_2$ is an example of calcination, where calcium carbonate is heated to produce calcium oxide and carbon dioxide.<br/><br/>
(D) $\mathrm{Fe}_2 \mathrm{O}_3 \cdot \mathrm{xH}_2 \mathrm{O} \stackrel{\Delta}{\longrightarrow} \mathrm{Fe}_2 \mathrm{O}_3+\mathrm{xH}_2 \mathrm{O}$ is an example of calcination, where hydrated iron(III) oxide loses water molecules to form anhydrous iron(III) oxide.<br/><br/>
However, (B) $2 \mathrm{PbS}+3 \mathrm{O}_2 \stackrel{\Delta}{\longrightarrow} 2 \mathrm{PbO}+2 \mathrm{SO}_2$ is not an example of calcination. This reaction is an example of roasting, a process in which a sulfide ore is heated in the presence of air to convert it into its oxide and release sulfur dioxide gas. Roasting is typically used for metal extraction from sulfide ores.
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So the correct answer is:
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(B) $2 \mathrm{PbS}+3 \mathrm{O}_2 \stackrel{\Delta}{\longrightarrow} 2 \mathrm{PbO}+2 \mathrm{SO}_2$
About this question
Subject: Chemistry · Chapter: p-Block Elements · Topic: Group 13: Boron Family
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